ʻIke kumu:
Loaʻa i ka mākeke alumina ke kumu kūʻai i ka 2020, a ʻo ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka alumina i mālama i kahi kaulike nui.I nā mahina mua o 2021, ma muli o ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka makemake kūʻai o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe alumini, ua hōʻike nā kumukūʻai alumina i kahi hiʻohiʻona i lalo, akā ma hope ua hoʻi hou me ka mākeke rebound.
Mai Ianuali a ʻOkakopa 2020, ʻo ka puka alumina honua he 110.466 miliona tons, kahi piʻi iki o 0.55% ma luna o 109.866 miliona mau tons i ka manawa like i ka makahiki i hala.He 104.068 miliona tons ka puka o ka alumina metallurgical grade.
I nā mahina 10 mua, ua emi iho ka hana alumina o Kina e 2.78% i kēlā me kēia makahiki i 50.032 miliona tons.Me ka ʻokoʻa o Kina, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hana ma ʻApelika a me ʻAsia (koe ʻole ʻo Kina), Hikina a me ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Hema.Ma ʻApelika a me ʻAsia (koe wale nō ʻo Kina), ʻo 10.251 miliona tons ka puka o ka alumina, kahi piʻi o 19.63% ma luna o 8.569 miliona tons i ka manawa like i ka makahiki i hala.ʻO ka huahana o ka hikina a me ke kikowaena o ʻEulopa he 3.779 miliona mau tons, he piʻi o 2.91% ma mua o 3.672 miliona mau tons;ʻO ka huahana o ʻAmelika Hema he 9.664 miliona tons, 10.62% kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 8.736 miliona tons i ka makahiki i hala.ʻO Oceania ka lua o ka mea hana alumina nui ma hope o Kina.Mai Ianuali a ʻOkakopa 2020, ʻo ka puka o ka alumina ma kēia wahi he 17.516 miliona tons, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 16.97 miliona tons i ka makahiki i hala.
Hoʻolako a koi:
Ua hana ʻo Alcoa i 3.435 miliona mau alumina i ke kolu o ka hapaha o 2020 (e like me Kepakemapa 30), kahi piʻi o 1.9% ma mua o 3.371 miliona mau tons i ka manawa like i ka makahiki i hala.Ua hoʻonui pū ʻia ka hoʻouna ʻana o nā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu i ka hapaha ʻekolu i ka 2.549 miliona tons mai ka 2.415 miliona tons i ka hapaha ʻelua.Manaʻo ka ʻoihana ma muli o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka pae hana, e hoʻonui ʻia kāna hoʻouna alumina i 2020 e 200000 tons i 13.8 - 13.9 miliona tons.
I Iulai 2020, ua loaʻa i ka UAE honua alumini ka mana nameplate o 2 miliona tons alumina i loko o 14 mau mahina ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o kāna mea hoʻoheheʻe alumina al taweelah.Ua lawa kēia mana e hoʻokō i ka 40% o ke koi alumina a EGA a hoʻololi i kekahi mau huahana i lawe ʻia mai.
Ma kāna hōʻike hoʻokō ʻekolu o ka hapaha, ua ʻōlelo ʻo hydro e hoʻonui ana kāna hana hoʻoheheʻe alunorte alumina i ka mana i ʻōlelo ʻia.Ma ʻAukake 18, ua hoʻopau ka hydro i ka hana o ka pipeline e lawe ana i ka bauxite mai paragominas a i alunorte i mea e hoʻoponopono ai i mua, e hoʻololi i kekahi mau paipu, e hoʻōki i ka hana ʻana o nā paragominas a hoʻemi i ka puka o alunorte i 50% o ka nui o ka mana.Ma ʻOkakopa 8, ua hoʻomaka hou nā paragominas i ka hana, a ua hoʻomaka ʻo alunorte e hoʻonui i ka hana i 6.3 miliona tons o ka mana nameplate.
Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui ʻia ka hana alumina a Rio Tinto mai 7.7 miliona tons ma 2019 a i 7.8 a i 8.2 miliona tons ma 2020. Ua hoʻolilo ka hui iā US $51 miliona no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mea hana o kāna Vaudreuil alumina refinery ma Quebec, Kanada.Ua hōʻike ʻia aia ʻekolu mau hale hoʻopakele ikehu hou ke kūkulu ʻia nei.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻae ke aupuni o Andhra Pradesh, India i ka anrak Aluminum Co., Ltd. e hāʻawi i kāna mea hoʻoheheʻe alumina rachapalli aia ma Visakhapatnam makavarapalem.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Joyce Li, ka mea loiloi kiʻekiʻe o SMM, ma ka makahiki 2020, aia paha kahi ʻāpana lako o 361000 tons ma ka mākeke alumina Kina, a ʻo ka awelika o ka hana makahiki o ka mea kanu alumini oxide he 78.03%.I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Dekemaba, 68.65 miliona tons o ka mana hana alumina i hana ʻia ma waena o ka mana hana o 88.4 miliona tons i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Ka manaʻo o ke kālepa:
Wahi a ka ʻikepili i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka ʻoihana ʻoihana ʻo Brazil i Iulai, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā alumina o Brazil i Iune, ʻoiai ua lohi ka ulu ʻana i ka mahina i hala.Ma Mei 2020, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā alumina o Brazil ma kahi o 30% mahina ma ka mahina.
Mai Ianuali a ʻOkakopa 2020, lawe mai ʻo Kina i 3.15 miliona mau toni alumina, kahi hoʻonui makahiki o 205.15%.Ua manaʻo ʻia ma ka hopena o 2020, manaʻo ʻia ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka alumina Kina i 3.93 miliona tons.
Nā manaʻo no ka wā pōkole:
ʻO Joyce Li, ka mea loiloi koʻikoʻi ma SMM, wānana ʻo 2021 ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mana hana alumina o Kina, aʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā mea ʻē aʻe e piʻi aʻe a piʻi ke kaomi.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻOkakopa-12-2021